{"id":271189,"date":"2023-11-14T09:10:40","date_gmt":"2023-11-14T08:10:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ferrovial.com\/?page_id=271189"},"modified":"2024-03-13T10:30:20","modified_gmt":"2024-03-13T09:30:20","slug":"standard-temperature-pressure-conditions","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.ferrovial.com\/en\/resources\/standard-temperature-pressure-conditions\/","title":{"rendered":"Standard temperature and pressure conditions"},"content":{"rendered":"    <m-final-content-header >\n            <c-breadcrumb label-text=\"Breadcrumb\" slot=\"breadcrumbs\" type='2' align='left' wrap='wrapped wrapped' aria-label='You came from Resources'>\n                        <ol>\n\n                                                            <li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ferrovial.com\/en\/\" title=\"Ferrovial\">Ferrovial<\/a><\/li>\n                                                                        <li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ferrovial.com\/en\/resources\/\" title=\"Resources\">Resources<\/a><\/li>\n                                    \n                <\/ol>\n\n                <\/c-breadcrumb>\n    \n        <div slot=\"header\">\n            <h1>\n                What are standard temperature and pressure conditions?            <\/h1>\n                    <\/div>\n    <\/m-final-content-header>\n\n    \n\n\n<m-wysiwig class=\"wp-block-components-wysiwyg\"><div slot=\"maincontent\">\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">\n{\n  \"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\",\n  \"@type\": \"FAQPage\",\n  \"mainEntity\": [{\n    \"@type\": \"Question\",\n    \"name\": \"What are standard temperature and pressure conditions?\",\n    \"acceptedAnswer\": {\n      \"@type\": \"Answer\",\n      \"text\": \"The Standard Temperature and Pressure Conditions (STPCs), also called normal conditions, are a set of parameters for atmospheric pressure and temperature that are considered to be representative and consistent in different applications.\"\n    }\n  },{\n    \"@type\": \"Question\",\n    \"name\": \"What are the main standard temperature and pressure conditions?\",\n    \"acceptedAnswer\": {\n      \"@type\": \"Answer\",\n      \"text\": \"In the past, the values of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) were used; these set the normal conditions as:\n<ul>\n<li>Temperature: 0 degrees Celsius (equivalent to 273.15 degrees Kelvin and 32 degrees Fahrenheit).\n<\/li>\n<li>Pressure: 1 atmosphere (equivalent to 101,325 kilopascals or 760 Torrs).\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nHowever, these standards are obsolete. Today, each leading body has different values. The most commonly used are:\n<ul>\n<li>The IUPAC, based in Switzerland, establishes the STPCs at 273.15 degrees Kelvin (0\u00b0C) and 105 pascals (1 bar or 0.98692327 atm). For gases, this is set at 273.15 K (0 \u00b0C) and a pressure of 105 pascals (1 bar or 0.98692327 atm).\n<\/li>\n<li>The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) in the United States sets a temperature of 20\u00b0C and an absolute pressure of 1 atm.\n<\/li>\n<li>The International Standard Atmosphere (ISA) is a model of the Earth\u2019s atmosphere that makes it possible to obtain the values of temperature, pressure, density, and viscosity of the air, which provides a frame of reference according to altitude.\n<\/li>\n<li>The  International Organization for Standardization (ISO) is made up of several national standardization organizations.\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nGiven the wide range of references currently available, the application of the STPCs absolutely must indicate which reference values are being used.\"\n    }\n  }]\n}\n<\/script>\n<p>The <strong>Standard Temperature and Pressure Conditions (STPCs)<\/strong>, also called <strong>normal conditions<\/strong>, are a set of <strong>parameters <\/strong><strong>for atmospheric pressure and temperature <\/strong>that are considered to be <strong>representative and consistent <\/strong>in different applications.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>They are used to enable the <strong>comparison of different data sets <\/strong>that have been measured and evaluate the physical, chemical, and thermodynamic properties of substances. The STPCs come from the field of <strong>science <\/strong>(<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ferrovial.com\/en\/stem\/physics\/\">physics<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ferrovial.com\/en\/stem\/chemistry\/\">chemistry<\/a>, and engineering), but they are widely used in the <strong>industrial sector<\/strong>. Standard temperature and pressure conditions are also important for <strong>navigation<\/strong> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ferrovial.com\/en\/resources\/aviation\/\"><strong>aeronautics<\/strong><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>While there is consensus on the concept, <strong>there is no unified set of values considered to be normal or standard<\/strong>. Each discipline and institution determines its own values.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>What are the main standard temperature and pressure conditions?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>In the past, the values of the <a href=\"https:\/\/iupac.org\/\">International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry<\/a> (IUPAC) were used; these set the <em>normal conditions <\/em>as:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Temperature: <\/strong>0 degrees Celsius (equivalent to 273.15 degrees Kelvin and 32 degrees Fahrenheit).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Pressure: <\/strong>1 atmosphere (equivalent to 101,325 kilopascals or 760 Torrs).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>However, these standards are obsolete. Today, each leading body has different values. The most commonly used are:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>The IUPAC<\/strong>, based in Switzerland, establishes the STPCs at 273.15 degrees Kelvin (0\u00b0C) and 10<sup>5<\/sup> pascals (1 bar or 0.98692327 atm). For gases, this is set at 273.15 K (0 \u00b0C) and a pressure of 10<sup>5<\/sup> pascals (1 bar or 0.98692327 atm).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The <strong>National Institute of Standards and Technology<\/strong> (<strong>NIST<\/strong>) in the United States sets a temperature of 20\u00b0C and an absolute pressure of 1 atm.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The <strong>International Standard Atmosphere <\/strong>(<strong>ISA<\/strong>) is a <strong>model of the Earth&#8217;s atmosphere<\/strong> that makes it possible to obtain the values of temperature, pressure, density, and viscosity of the air, which provides a frame of reference according to altitude.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The&nbsp; <strong>International Organization for Standardization<\/strong> (<strong>ISO<\/strong>) is made up of several national standardization organizations.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Given the wide range of references currently available, the application of the STPCs absolutely must indicate which reference values are being used.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/m-wysiwig>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"parent":172,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-271189","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.2 - 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